2 high quality and high yield breeding technology
2.1 Choose the best heading and flowering period
Practice has shown that the suitable meteorological conditions for breeding and pollination of three-line CMS are: daily average temperature is 24-28°C, daily maximum temperature is ≤35°C, field relative humidity is 80%, sunshine is not less than 8 hours, and there is no continuous 3 days Above the rainy and hot weather, there is no wind or breeze. Because He 50A is insensitive to temperature, the duration of the broadcast in the spring reproduction is affected by the temperature, which is very favorable for staggering unfavorable weather for heading and ensuring normal pollination during flowering. According to the meteorological changes in the city over the years, we have been planting seeds in the middle and late April for four consecutive years, and the safety and pollination period for the He 50A at the end of June to the beginning of July. At the same time, according to the flowering characteristics of He 50A and B, the parents' sowing difference period is generally 5 days.
2.2 Nurturing more people
He 50A has a strong tillering ability, and has a high rate of spike formation. It can appropriately reduce the amount of seed used. Generally, it uses 2 kg of mu and He 50 B of 500-600 g. Remaining in Putian, 2-3 days before sowing, plowing and picking up the field, applying sufficient base fertilizer, finely doing a good wet box, Putian acres of seeding control in about 8kg. Fertilizers are applied at the end of the base, and the paddy fertilizer at the bottom of the paddy field is 50kg for the cooked and cooked cakes, 15kg for the compound fertilizer, 60kg of superphosphate, and 10kg of urea. Seedlings are mainly moist before and after the two leaves. One leaf is filled with a thin layer of water and the top is filled with 6 kg of urea per acre. 4 days before transplanting, the husbandry fertilizer will be applied, and the urea and potassium chloride will be applied to each of 3kg. At the same time, the grafting drug will be applied to foster the strong, uniform, homogeneous and multi-mite seedlings, so that the seedlings will be planted with leeches, fertilizers, and medicines. Mud transplanting.
2.3 Timely transplanting, reasonable close planting
In order to establish a good high-yield seedling frame, He 50A and B were selected for transplanting on sunny days. The transplanted leaves aged 50A were 5.0-6.0 leaves, and He 50B was 4.0-4.5 leaves.
The ratio of parent to parent breeding is 2:8. The spacing between female parent lines is 16.5cm×16.5cm, the parent spacing is 20.0cm, the parent spacing is 16.5cm×16.5cm, and the female parent inserts two or three grains per hole. This book is inserted one or two grains per hole.
2.4 Scientific management of fertilizer
Scientific management of fertilizer is the key to promoting the balanced growth of rice populations. In terms of water management, keep the shallow water live. After the seedlings return to green, the seedlings will be lifted to promote tillering. When the seedlings are enough, the fields will be properly cultivated, the late-stage tillering will be controlled, and the 4 to 5 cm deep water layer will be maintained during the heading and flowering period. Mature, avoid dehydration prematurely. Apply enough base fertilizer on fertilization, apply topdressing in a timely manner, and apply fertilizer at the later stage. Fertilizers are dominated by organic fertilizers. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are used in combination to appropriately control the amount of nitrogen fertilizers. The total amount of fertilizer for general mu is 80kg for cooked cakes, 20kg for urea, 60kg for superphosphate, and 30kg for potassium chloride.
2.5 timely and appropriate application of ninety-two, scientific rush
In the breeding and seed production, the proper spraying of the 90% is one of the important technical links for winning high yields. He 50A has a strong ability to deliver, and the size of the main and branch panicles is basically the same, and the spraying of Jiuwu must be timely and appropriate in order to create an ideal panicle structure. Under normal circumstances, the amount of mu is 13 ~ 15 g, generally three sprays, female heading 10% 1t inch spray the first time, sprayed for 3 days. When spraying, follow the principle of “pre-light, medium-heavy, and post-supplyâ€. Spray time is before 09:00 in the morning.
After 9200 spraying, artificial pollination was timely. Using a smooth surface rope to pollinate can not only reduce the labor intensity, but also reduce the damage to the flower. It also has the same advantages as the bamboo raft. Due to the strong stigma of He 50A, as long as the male parent loose powder during pollination, it should be powdered to avoid wasting pollen.
2.6 Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Pests and Diseases
Adopting comprehensive measures to prevent and control pests in a timely manner can effectively increase the reproductive yield and seed quality.
2.6.1 Strict seed disinfection. Soaking seeds combined with cleaning seeds remove smut particles and soaking with strong chlorine for 10 to 12 hours.
2.6.2 Management of scientific fertilizers to cultivate stable populations. Mainly organic fertilizer, combined use of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, control nitrogen levels, timely control seedlings drying field, and cultivate stable populations.
2.6.3 Chemical control. In the maternal flowering period and flowering period, each spraying of kernet or Fuli library can effectively prevent the occurrence of rice smut. According to the pest control information of the plant protection department, the prevention and control of pests such as rice blast horses, aphids, planthoppers, rice blast, and sheath blight are focused on.
2.7 strictly prevent miscellaneous insurance
2.7.1 Choose a good breeding base. Strict selection of breeding bases according to reproductive isolation requirements, time isolation requirements for more than 25 days, and space isolation requirements above 700m.
2.7.2 Strict impurity removal. During the seedling stage and the tillering stage, weeds and alien strains were removed, and the maintenance strains, mutant strains, and different varieties were removed in time before and after the spraying of the 90.2 and before harvesting.
2.7.3 The father is removed promptly. After the end of the pollination, the father was removed and the fields cleared. It is not only helpful to clean up the father's trip and Daejeon's removal of impurities in the later stages, but also helps the fields to ventilate and transmit light, ripen early, reduce the incidence of diseases and insect pests, increase the plumpness of seeds, and increase the yield and quality of seeds.
2.74 Prevent mechanical clutter. The seeds are harvested immediately after maturity to prevent mechanical mixing during harvesting, sun drying, and selective processing to ensure seed quality.
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