Realgar

As 4 S 4

[Chemical composition] The composition is fixed and contains less impurities.

[Crystal structure] monoclinic system; a 0 = 0.929 nm, b 0 = 1.353 nm, c 0 = 0.657 nm; β = 106 ° 33'; Z = 16. Molecular structure (Fig. L-19): composed of As 4 S 4 molecules, the four S and four As in the molecule are maintained by a covalent bond phase, and the molecules are linked by molecular bonds. . For As 4 S 4 molecules, where S forms a square, As forms a tetrahedron, and the squares coincide with the center of the tetrahedron. Each S is adjacent to two Ass, and one As is adjacent to two Ss and another As.

Figure L-19 As 4 S 4 molecule in the crystal structure of realgar

(quoted from Pan Zhaoyu et al., 1993)

[Form] It is usually produced in a dense block or soil-like block or a hull-like aggregate. Single crystals are usually small, columnar, short-column or needle-like (Figure L-20) with fine vertical lines on the cylinder (Figure L-21).

Figure L-20 Realgar crystal

(According to Wang Wenkui, produced in Shimen, Hunan, 1994)

Figure L-21 Realgar crystals are clustered

[Physical properties] orange, pale orange streak; adamantyl facets having luster, gloss appears on the cross section of the resin, transparent to semi-transparency. Cleavage parallel {010} complete. Hardness 1.5 to 2. The relative density is 3.6. Crisp. Long-term exposure to light, can be converted into a light orange-red powder.

[genesis and morphogenesis] formation conditions similar to the orpiment, and often symbiotic with the female yellow.

[Identification characteristics] orange-red, streaks are light orange-red, the hardness is similar to that of cinnabar, but the cinnabar strips are bright red and relatively dense.

[Main use] is arsenic and the main ore minerals for the manufacture of various arsenic compounds.

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