For multi-metallic copper sulfide ore, the ore is usually treated in accordance with component characteristics flotation method, a flotation method, a part of the mixed flotation, and combined flotation and hydrometallurgical methods were selected. From the copper-molybdenum ore beneficiation recovery of molybdenum, copper molybdenum common flotation processes, separation and further selection of molybdenum and copper molybdenum concentrate. In this paper, the Qinghai Golmud skarn type molybdenum-copper polymetallic ore is studied, and the detailed process mineralogy research and copper-molybdenum preferential separation and flotation recovery research are carried out.
First, the nature of the ore
The results of rock ore identification indicate that the Qinghai Golmud molybdenum-copper mine is a semi-automorphic-heavy-grained grain structure with fine grain size and an uneven fine vein-disseminated structure. It belongs to the contact metamorphic skarn type ore. The copper minerals in the ore are mainly chalcopyrite, porphyrite, chalcopyrite, lanthanite, malachite and copper blue. The various copper minerals are replaced and contain complex, chalcopyrite and porphyrite. A large-scale (-0.001 mm) sheet-like dissolution structure is formed in the porphyrite and the cuprite, and the monomer particle size is finely embedded. The independent mineral of molybdenum is mainly molybdenite. Copper and molybdenum are the main recovery elements in the ore. The companion beneficial components such as gold and silver can be enriched in the copper concentrate and need not be separately recovered. The results of multi-element chemical analysis of ore are shown in Table 1. The results of molybdenum phase analysis are shown in Table 2. The results of copper phase analysis are shown in Table 3. The relative contents of each mineral in ore are shown in Table 4. According to the characteristics of the ore, firstly, the copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate with good copper grade is obtained by coarse selection, and the copper-sparing molybdenum is preferentially sorted to obtain copper concentrate and molybdenum concentrate, and sodium sulfide activated flotation is added in the copper rough selection stage. A single flotation scheme to enhance the recovery of copper oxide is a viable method of treating the ore.
Table 1 Analysis results of main chemical components of ore /%
Table 2 Results of ore molybdenum phase analysis
Table 3 Analysis results of copper ore phase
Table 4 Mineral composition and content of raw ore
Second, the experimental results and discussion
(1) Grinding fineness test
Proper grinding fineness is the key to flotation operations. From the results of the grinding fineness test of Fig. 1, the fine grinding is beneficial to the recovery of copper and molybdenum, so the fineness of grinding is determined to be -0.074mm90%.
(2) Na 2 S dosage test
The activation of ore by Na 2 S is the key to the recovery of copper oxide flotation. From the results of the Na 2 S dosage test in Figure 2 , when the amount of Na 2 S is too small, the copper oxide mineral cannot be completely activated; when the amount is too much, the excess Na 2 S will inhibit the copper sulfide mineral. As the amount of Na 2 S increased, the copper recovery rate increased first and then decreased. Molybdenite has good natural floatability and has been basically recovered in the mixed roughing stage. The amount of Na 2 S has little effect on the recovery rate of molybdenum. When the amount of Na 2 S is 400 g/t, the recovery ratio of copper and molybdenum is high.
(3) Ding Huang medicinal amount test
According to the test results of Dinghuang medicinal amount in Figure 3, the copper recovery rate increases with the increase of the dosage of Dinghuang; when the dosage exceeds 600g/t, the recovery rate of copper changes little, so the dosage of Dinghuang is determined. It is 600g/t.
(4) Mixed concentrate priority sorting test
At present, the main methods commonly used in the selection of domestic copper-molybdenum separation and molybdenum concentrate are sodium sulfide method and sodium cyanide method. However, the sodium cyanide method and the sodium sulfide method have strong inhibitory effects on chalcopyrite, and are not sensitive to the inhibition of chalcopyrite and secondary chalcopyrite. Moreover, the use of sodium cyanide as an inhibitor is more expensive and causes environmental pollution. If copper-molybdenum separation can be achieved without cyanogen flotation, sodium cyanide is not considered as an inhibitor of copper minerals. In recent years, in Japan, Australia and Canada and other countries in the use of H 2 SO 3 inhibition of copper sulfide minerals experimental research experience, and confirmed that H 2 SO 3 has a strong selective inhibition of copper sulfide ore. The inhibition mechanism of sulfite is to strengthen the hydrophilicity of the surface of copper minerals; the second is to change the surface redox potential of copper sulfide minerals to reduce the floatability. Considering that the fineness of -0.074mm 90% has made the copper sulfide mineral aggregate and the molybdenum mineral monomer dissociated sufficiently, which creates favorable conditions for the separation of copper and molybdenum separation, the mixed concentrate is no longer ground directly. H 2 SO 3 were selected as an inhibitor of copper minerals, auxiliary additive sodium silicate (same as the amount of H 2 SO 3) and inhibition of silicate mineral sludge dispersion, first a suitable amount of coal oil as collector section obtained The mixed coarse ore concentrate was mixed for 10 min to remove the drug, and then the separation and rough selection and the two selections of the molybdenum coarse concentrate were carried out. The test results from Fig. 4 show that H2SO3 can effectively suppress molybdenum molybdenum; when the amount of crude sulfurous acid and water glass is more than 200g/t, the recovery rate of molybdenum is reduced; when the amount is less than 200g/t, the grade of molybdenum concentrate is up to Less than required; and the separation of crude sulfuric acid, water glass dosage of 200g / t, the comprehensive index of separation is better.
(5) Comprehensive process comprehensive condition test
The open circuit process test was carried out according to the process flow and conditions shown in Fig. 5. The results are shown in Table 5. The test results in Table 5 show that the whole process comprehensive condition open circuit test can obtain molybdenum concentrate with molybdenum grade 50.36% and recovery rate 76.86%, copper concentrate with copper grade 21.51% and recovery rate 86.04%. Copper concentrate contains Au5.32g/t and Ag873.1g/t, and Au and Ag can be recovered in copper smelting anode mud. 0.03% of molybdenum in tailings, mainly molybdenum oxide, can be obtained by using oleic acid to obtain low-grade molybdenum concentrate, and then treated by water smelting to obtain calcium molybdate.
Table 5 Comprehensive conditions open circuit process
Third, the conclusion
1. The comprehensive utilization value of the molybdenum-copper polymetallic ore is large, and the fine grinding is beneficial to the recovery of metal minerals.
2, H 2 SO 3 copper-activated molybdenum effect is obvious, which can provide reference for copper-molybdenum separation without cyanide flotation.
3. The process is designed to fully recover copper, molybdenum, gold, silver, etc., and the process is reasonable, the process is simple, and the indicators are advanced.
references:
[1] Yang Shunliang, Lin Renying. Questions and Answers on Mineral Processing [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1999.
[2] Editorial Board of the Mineral Processing Handbook. Handbook of Mineral Processing (Volume 8 and Volume 1) [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1990.
[3] Zhuang Honggang, Jie Xiuqian. Summary of comprehensive recovery of Dexing Copper Mine Resources [J]. China Mining, 2004 (collection): 180～182.
[4] Huang Jicun. Separation and Selection Technology of Copper and Molybdenum[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Selection Part), 1988 (2): 32~38.
Author unit
Xiamen Zijin Technology Co., Ltd. (Lu Jun)
Zijin Mining and Metallurgy Design and Research Institute (Kong Xiaowei)
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