“In the first half of this year, ladder prices will be fully implemented at home, and the ladder tariff reform plan has been reviewed and approved by the State Council. By then, the provinces will formulate plans to advance respectively.†On March 7, Peng Sen, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission who is currently attending the two National Conferences Reporter revealed.
This is the official timetable for the first time after one and a half years of residents’ ladder price consultation. According to the guidelines issued by the National Development and Reform Commission on December 1, last year, the monthly electricity consumption of urban and rural residents was divided into three levels, which meet the basic electricity demand, normal and reasonable demand for electricity, and higher quality of life. The electricity price was increased by sub-files. The first-tier power price remained stable, and no adjustment was made. The price increase for the second-tier power price was not lower than that for the shore and the third-tier power price was increased by 3 cents.
However, the electricity consumption of the residents only accounts for about 10% of the total electricity consumption of the entire society. The electricity price reform has not yet expanded to more than 75% of the industrial electricity consumption.
Earlier, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council has proposed in the government work report that this year will "research on the promotion of reforms in railways, electricity, and other industries." Judging from the current signs, the price reform may precede the reform of the power system.
Since 2002, the electrical reform has gone through 10 years. When China’s economic and social reforms are at a crucial point in time, it is still unclear whether the central government is determined to advance. However, the drawbacks of the power system have been continuously precipitated, and reform cannot wait.
The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of China Metallurgical Group Jing Tianliang told this newspaper: “If there is no strong determination to reform, this year’s electric reform may still fail. We have heard temporary price measures and have not started any signs of electric reform. The electricity price reforms have many concerns."
At the two national conferences, some representatives from the western provinces and regions expressed strong concerns about power dispatching and bargaining.
Wang Xueren, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former chairman of the People's Political Consultative Conference of Yunnan Province, proposed during the discussion in the CPPCC Caucus that, as a major province of hydropower, Yunnan Electric Power Co., Ltd. has failed to enjoy the dividends from resources, but has assumed the pressure of resources and the environment in power dispatching. Power grid construction, electricity pricing has no say.
“The electricity system has not been straightened out, forming a monopoly system. Hydroelectric resources have paid a high price, but they have no corresponding rights for power transmission, energy utilization, power grid planning, and electricity price formulation. Problems," said Wang Xueren.
Wang Xueren served as deputy secretary of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee and participated in the investigation of several hydropower bases in Yunnan, and the projects of sending electricity from west to east.
He said: "According to the idea of ​​national electricity reform, the two major power grids were formed and the Southern provinces were forcibly assigned to the China Southern Power Grid. Originally, Yunnan could send electricity to Shanghai. Shanghai has the greatest support for Yunnan. Why does West to East have to send to Guangdong? With regard to the allocation of power, the government of the resource does not have the right to plan for power grid construction, access to the Internet, or the power dispatching power, and the power dispatcher can only obey the power grid after the plant and network are separated.â€
“In addition, the on-grid tariff has no bidding mechanism and the electricity price does not reflect its value. Yunnan sent the highest price of electricity in Guangdong at 0.38 yuan/kWh, and the price of small hydropower was 0.1~0.2 yuan/degree. The prices of industrial and residential electricity in Yunnan are higher than the sending price, Yunnan Some of the electricity is sent to Laos, where the electricity price is more than one yuan per degree, and the power system needs to be reformed to break the monopoly pattern of the power grid, allowing power companies to bid on the Internet, independently choose areas for power transmission, and have autonomy in electricity prices, said Wang Xueren.
Another puzzle of Wang Xueren is: What relationship does the State Grid Corporation have with local governments? Take the Yunnan Power Grid as an example, the power grid belongs to the South China Power Grid, and the Yunnan Provincial Government has no management authority over the power grid and is not qualified to intervene in power dispatch.
"Electric power reform has changed for 10 years or it is still standing still." Lu Qizhou, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and General Manager of China Power Investment Corporation, stated that the core problem of electric power reform is to allow electric power products to return to the property of goods. Now the price of electric power has become a tool for macroeconomic regulation and control. Commodity? No. â€
As the first chairman of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission, Chai Songyue is also dissatisfied with the progress of the electrical reform for a decade.
"We did not achieve the goal of the central design at the beginning of the year (2002). We can honestly make no great achievements." Chai Songyue commented that the reform of the power system has completed the separation of government and enterprises, and separation of factories and networks. However, the bidding mechanism was not established, the transmission and distribution did not separate, and the power dispatch did not separate from the grid companies.
“Some power plant equipment and technologies are backward and have a high level of energy consumption. However, in order to take care of the interests of workers, there are also power generation quotas every year. Power plants with high efficiency and high energy efficiency can't generate more electricity,†Chai Songyue said in an interview with this reporter: “ It is necessary to systematically break the pattern of unified purchase and sales of power grids, allowing power plants to compete on the Internet, and those with lower prices should generate more electricity."
Chai Songyue bluntly stated in the group discussion on that day: “The interests of the power generation companies are not based on the reduction of costs and improvement of management. The benefits of the power plants are all pinned on the NDRC. So why is it right now at the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival that the development and reform commissions are at the door? â€
According to Tian Liang, “At present, there are no signs of advancement in electricity reform as seen in the policy. From the perspective of the coal power industry chain, the power generation side exercises competitive bidding for access to the grid, and the grid is managed by the state and the sales price is released. The country’s temporary price intervention It is not possible to fundamentally solve the problem. Administrative regulation is not a long-term strategy."
In the government work report and the key work of economic system reform over the years, the reform of electricity prices and the reform of the power industry are all key elements of the reform. However, the annual reforms of the mechanism did not come to an end. Only the work on the adjustment of electricity prices was conducted.
"The reform of electricity prices cannot be a sudden rise, and power system reform must be complemented," said Feng Fei, minister of industry at the State Council Research Center.
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