In the current crisis of the shortage of fresh water resources, the increase in the quality standards for drinking water by the urban population, especially in developing countries and regions, will gradually promote the continuous rise of water prices. The implementation of the ladder water price is clear evidence. The shortage of resources and rising water prices will, to a large extent, promote the further development of water metering products. The possible impacts include the following:
Metering performance:
Drip detection requires a lower initial flow rate;
Low accuracy, from the current ±5% to higher;
Accuracy stability maintains accuracy to meet regulatory requirements for longer periods of time than six-year inspections.
Smart features:
Ladder, or even time-shared water price;
Control functions, such as valve control;
Quasi-real-time network.
other:
Reduce pipe network pressure loss.
Based on the above judgment, acam-mess electronic GmbH (now the specialty sensor division of ams) launched the third generation of the ultrasonic water meter chip metrology front-end GP30-F01 based on its patented time digitizer technology in early 2015. The core part includes a TDC module that has been optimized and improved many times, a 32-bit microprocessor designed for ultrasonic flowmeters, and a system task management unit.
The user first needs a pipe section with reasonable design and processing accuracy that is in accordance with the normal distribution. At the same time, it needs a pair of ultrasonic transducers whose performance includes the center frequency and temperature characteristics. Based on this, the hardware part of an ultrasonic water meter can be quickly completed according to the reference design of the GP30-F01.
In the PC-side development environment of the GP30-F01, the user can set the basic parameters such as the diameter of the pipe segment and the length of the sound path through the graphical interface. At the same time, the user can also configure the measurement parameters such as stophit times. After the firmware part in the GP30-F01 receives the initial configuration, it can output diff_ToF (up/down flight time difference, sum_ToF (up/down flight time and sum), temperature, and traffic information.
The two things that must be noted are:
· All output parameters are uncalibrated;
• Only a temperature between 0°C and 50°C can be used for back calculation by the GP30-F01's internal firmware.
Users of GP30-F01 are advised to add temperature adjustment function to the original water flow test system, for example, to quickly and effectively adjust the water temperature through three thermostatic water tanks (5°C, 25°C, and 50°C) to meet the water temperature requirement. GP30-F01 "characterized" requirements.
The so-called "characterization", we can simplify the understanding as follows: that is, from a large batch of ultrasonic water meter base table, randomly selected 10 to 20 as a sample, through the calibration and extraction of the flow and temperature characteristics of small batch samples, and finally A calibration parameter table based on high-order polynomial functions for independent calibration of all base tables throughout the same batch.
In order to improve the characterization efficiency, the user can connect several GP30-DEV-KIT test boards (for example, 10) through a set of PicoProg programmer chip selections, and switch and collect the measurement results of multiple sampling base tables.
Since the ultrasonic water meter is in the low area relative to the mechanical water meter (low flow rate area, relative to the high flow rate area, ie, the high area, generally 10% of the commonly used flow rate Q3, assuming Q3 is 2500 l/h, the low area is 250 l/h to the minimum flow rate The interval between Q1) has more pronounced nonlinear characteristics, so that the "non-linearization" and "subsection linearization" by "characterization" can even increase the low-range precision to ±2% or more of the 1st-order meter.
In the characterization process, the user first needs to perform 10 flow point measurements at two precise temperature points (eg, 5° C. and 50° C.) (it is recommended to select more flow points in the low zone). Please note that these two temperature points and the data measured at this temperature point are very important and directly affect the accuracy of the back-calculated temperature algorithm for sound velocity.
The measurement between these two temperature points does not need to know the exact temperature value, the user needs to choose to perform the same flow point measurement at the other three temperature points in the interval.
The flow rate, diff_ToF, sum_ToF, and the inversely calculated temperature of the above sampling base table at five temperatures and ten flow points are integrated, and the LabView tool in the GP30-F01 development environment will automatically calculate the complete calibration characterization parameters. For independent calibration of all products throughout the same batch.
Metering performance:
Drip detection requires a lower initial flow rate;
Low accuracy, from the current ±5% to higher;
Accuracy stability maintains accuracy to meet regulatory requirements for longer periods of time than six-year inspections.
Smart features:
Ladder, or even time-shared water price;
Control functions, such as valve control;
Quasi-real-time network.
other:
Reduce pipe network pressure loss.
Based on the above judgment, acam-mess electronic GmbH (now the specialty sensor division of ams) launched the third generation of the ultrasonic water meter chip metrology front-end GP30-F01 based on its patented time digitizer technology in early 2015. The core part includes a TDC module that has been optimized and improved many times, a 32-bit microprocessor designed for ultrasonic flowmeters, and a system task management unit.
The user first needs a pipe section with reasonable design and processing accuracy that is in accordance with the normal distribution. At the same time, it needs a pair of ultrasonic transducers whose performance includes the center frequency and temperature characteristics. Based on this, the hardware part of an ultrasonic water meter can be quickly completed according to the reference design of the GP30-F01.
In the PC-side development environment of the GP30-F01, the user can set the basic parameters such as the diameter of the pipe segment and the length of the sound path through the graphical interface. At the same time, the user can also configure the measurement parameters such as stophit times. After the firmware part in the GP30-F01 receives the initial configuration, it can output diff_ToF (up/down flight time difference, sum_ToF (up/down flight time and sum), temperature, and traffic information.
The two things that must be noted are:
· All output parameters are uncalibrated;
• Only a temperature between 0°C and 50°C can be used for back calculation by the GP30-F01's internal firmware.
Users of GP30-F01 are advised to add temperature adjustment function to the original water flow test system, for example, to quickly and effectively adjust the water temperature through three thermostatic water tanks (5°C, 25°C, and 50°C) to meet the water temperature requirement. GP30-F01 "characterized" requirements.
The so-called "characterization", we can simplify the understanding as follows: that is, from a large batch of ultrasonic water meter base table, randomly selected 10 to 20 as a sample, through the calibration and extraction of the flow and temperature characteristics of small batch samples, and finally A calibration parameter table based on high-order polynomial functions for independent calibration of all base tables throughout the same batch.
In order to improve the characterization efficiency, the user can connect several GP30-DEV-KIT test boards (for example, 10) through a set of PicoProg programmer chip selections, and switch and collect the measurement results of multiple sampling base tables.
Since the ultrasonic water meter is in the low area relative to the mechanical water meter (low flow rate area, relative to the high flow rate area, ie, the high area, generally 10% of the commonly used flow rate Q3, assuming Q3 is 2500 l/h, the low area is 250 l/h to the minimum flow rate The interval between Q1) has more pronounced nonlinear characteristics, so that the "non-linearization" and "subsection linearization" by "characterization" can even increase the low-range precision to ±2% or more of the 1st-order meter.
In the characterization process, the user first needs to perform 10 flow point measurements at two precise temperature points (eg, 5° C. and 50° C.) (it is recommended to select more flow points in the low zone). Please note that these two temperature points and the data measured at this temperature point are very important and directly affect the accuracy of the back-calculated temperature algorithm for sound velocity.
The measurement between these two temperature points does not need to know the exact temperature value, the user needs to choose to perform the same flow point measurement at the other three temperature points in the interval.
The flow rate, diff_ToF, sum_ToF, and the inversely calculated temperature of the above sampling base table at five temperatures and ten flow points are integrated, and the LabView tool in the GP30-F01 development environment will automatically calculate the complete calibration characterization parameters. For independent calibration of all products throughout the same batch.
The development of door hardware accessories is closely related to the evolution of the door and the way of opening the door, the reason of the revolution of the door hardware is from consciousness of door function and convenience to use the door. The accurate description of the development history of door hardware requires a lot of work, here we only rational suppose the development procedure of the door hardware which is driven by the demand of mankind. when the use of glass by humans has not yet been universal, door is used for lighting and for the people at a distance or watch the outside world.
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