Mercury commonly known as "mercury", which is the freezing point of -39.44 ℃, volatile at ordinary temperature, 37.8 ℃ significantly faster evaporation. Mercury in a clean state, the air does not compound, but containing impurities, oxidation easily synthesized with unclean substances adhering on the metal. Mercury compounds generally have strong toxicity, egg white, and potassium iodide is antidote mercury.
Mercury can invade the body in the form of liquid metals, salts or vapors. Mercury vapor is mainly invaded through the respiratory tract and is therefore the most harmful to the human body. Mercury can also invade the body through the skin or mucous membranes and can pass through the gastrointestinal tract. Mercury can accumulate in the kidneys, intestines, salivary glands, and mammary glands, and is also excreted through the respiratory organs.
Mercury can cause acute or chronic toxicity when it invades the human body. Acute toxicity is rare, and chronic mercury poisoning is common. According to the severity of mercury, patients can be divided into four phases:
The first phase is mercury absorption: the urinary mercury content is less than 0.01 mg/L in 24 hours;
The second phase is mild poisoning: urinary mercury content is greater than 0.01 mg / liter in 24 hours, accompanied by headache, dizziness, memory loss, excessive sweating and other symptoms;
The third phase is moderate poisoning: its main symptoms are irritability, timidity, finger tremors, increased mental symptoms, increased gingivitis, mild anemia, and chronic colitis;
The fourth stage is severe poisoning: its main symptoms are mental retardation, mercury-toxic encephalopathy, anemia, enteritis and kidney damage.
China's environmental protection department stipulates that the mercury content in the air must not exceed 0.01-0.02 mg/m3, and the maximum allowable concentration of mercury and mercury compounds in industrial wastewater is 0.05 mg/l.
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