According to a report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, they produced the first muscle-powered robot. Researchers at the University of Illinois created a biomachine that can use current to control muscle drive, called biobot, with funding from the National Science Foundation. It may produce a new generation of biological robots. Researchers all over the world have been hoping to take advantage of this technology and expand its application.
But humanoid robots, like humans, are very complicated and they are still elusive now. They need dexterity and motion control, not to mention wisdom. Some researchers believe that the ideal bio-robot is the combination of the machine and the living tissue, just like the Terminator. It's still something of science fiction, but biobot's result may be a crucial step.
Biobot's design is similar to the combination of muscles, tendons and skeletal systems. Its action is caused by the electric current applied to the muscles to make them shrink. The lab-grown muscle cells grow into strips and the 3D printer is used to create hydrogel bones. After that, the strip muscles are attached to the skeleton. The biobot's human controller can emit electrical pulses to drive its movement. The frequency of the pulse can be adjusted to control the speed. The higher the frequency, the stronger the muscle contraction and the faster the movement.
The University of Illinois team has done extensive research on mixed biological tissues and machines. Its previous version of the semi-manipulator was a combination of a 3D printed hydrogel and living cells. Researchers are studying how to further improve the biobots' actions, including the possibility of combining neurons so that robots can respond with light or chemical gradients.
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