Diamond has excellent mechanical properties, thermal properties, light transmission, longitudinal sound velocity, semiconductor performance and chemical inertness in natural materials. It is an all-round irreplaceable special multifunctional material. Chemical vapor deposition (Chemical Vapor Deposition referred to as CVD) diamond film growth method of the particulate having a high-pressure synthetic diamond and natural diamond nearly identical performance, but to overcome the small particles of natural diamond and synthetic diamond size of the high-pressure limit. Materials scientists agree that only this continuous large-sized block material can fully exert the full performance of diamond. The excellent performance of diamond film is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Mechanical properties: Diamond has the highest hardness in known materials (Vickers hardness up to 10,400kg/mm 2 station note: about 102GPa), the best wear resistance and very low friction coefficient. The CVD diamond film does not contain any binder, its polycrystalline structure has almost the same hardness in all directions, and has no cleavage surface, so its comprehensive mechanical properties combine both single crystal diamond and polycrystalline diamond (PCD). The advantages, but to a certain extent, overcome their shortcomings, and the price is low. It can not only replace the natural diamond, high-pressure artificial single crystal diamond and polycrystalline diamond in the mechanical field and greatly expand its application range: such as manufacturing a variety of high-performance drawing die suitable for drawing soft and soft wire; welding type CVD diamond tool ( The service life is more than 1-3 times that of PCD tools); the CVD diamond coated carbide tool with more complicated shape is produced (the service life is 10-50 times higher than that before coating); its low friction coefficient can also be used for friction parts such as bearings. Wear resistant coatings, etc. According to statistics from foreign experts, more than 2,000 new products can be developed and modified only in the case of super-hard materials.
2. Acoustic performance: Diamond has the fastest sound transmission speed of 18.2km/s in all materials. This performance not only enables the production of surface acoustic wave devices with a frequency response exceeding 5 GHz (the most high-frequency surface acoustic wave devices are widely used in the field of communication), but also enables ultra-high-fidelity speakers with a frequency response of 60 kHz or more and the highest performance. Excellent acoustic sensor.
3. Thermal properties: The natural diamond has a thermal conductivity of 20W/cm.K, which is the highest of all materials, 4 times larger than SiC, 13 times larger than Si, 43 times larger than GaAs, and 4-5 for Cu and Ag. The thermal conductivity of high-purity CVD diamond film has reached or exceeded the thermal conductivity of natural diamond, and its large-area diaphragm shape makes it an ideal large-area heat-dissipating material for electronic devices (also known as heat sink). High insulation and low thermal expansion coefficient, can be used as the best heat sink for high-power semiconductor devices, microwave devices and large-scale integrated circuits. The large number of applications of CVD diamond film heat sinks will cause a huge revolution in the electronics industry.
4. Optical properties: CVD diamond film has high permeability in a wide wavelength range of X-ray-ultraviolet-visible-infrared light and is resistant to high temperature, corrosion and mechanical strength, so it can be used in harsh environments. Optical window used in etc. Such as various light-guided high-speed interceptor missile hoods and widely used multi-color infrared detector windows, infrared focal plane array thermal imaging device windows, high-power microwave windows, high-power laser windows, etc.; X-ray characteristics can become the future An ideal material for sub-micron photolithography of microelectronic devices. Excellent optical performance and low price make CVD diamond film have broad application prospects in military and civil optics.
5. Electrical and semiconductor performance: Using the excellent electrical properties of CVD diamond film, it can be used in electronic devices working in high temperature, high power, high frequency, strong radiation environment and sensors with various characteristics. Its cold cathode luminescence characteristics have made it possible to obtain low-power, high-definition, ultra-thin, large-screen multi-color displays. Its most promising high-temperature semiconductor devices can reach 600 ° C, and the advent of diamond high-temperature semiconductor devices will be a revolution in electronic technology.
6. Chemical properties: It is resistant to all acids, bases and solvents at room temperature, and is resistant to all acid corrosion even at high temperatures. It can be seen that the diamond is extremely stable and can be used as a corrosion protection layer. In the field of medical devices, because the diamond scalpel is extremely sharp and incompatible with human blood, the surgical effect is good and the patient recovers quickly. The CVD diamond scalpel will replace the metal surgical instruments currently used; the CVD diamond film is composed of pure carbon and resistant. Grinding and corrosion resistance are the best coatings for the surface of metal components implanted in the human body.
The widespread use of CVD diamond films in the fields of mechanics, thermals, optics, acoustics, electronics, and aerospace will have revolutionary effects in these fields. Therefore, CVD diamond film materials are considered by materials scientists to be materials of the 21st century, "the dawn of the diamond film has been exposed."
1. Mechanical properties: Diamond has the highest hardness in known materials (Vickers hardness up to 10,400kg/mm 2 station note: about 102GPa), the best wear resistance and very low friction coefficient. The CVD diamond film does not contain any binder, its polycrystalline structure has almost the same hardness in all directions, and has no cleavage surface, so its comprehensive mechanical properties combine both single crystal diamond and polycrystalline diamond (PCD). The advantages, but to a certain extent, overcome their shortcomings, and the price is low. It can not only replace the natural diamond, high-pressure artificial single crystal diamond and polycrystalline diamond in the mechanical field and greatly expand its application range: such as manufacturing a variety of high-performance drawing die suitable for drawing soft and soft wire; welding type CVD diamond tool ( The service life is more than 1-3 times that of PCD tools); the CVD diamond coated carbide tool with more complicated shape is produced (the service life is 10-50 times higher than that before coating); its low friction coefficient can also be used for friction parts such as bearings. Wear resistant coatings, etc. According to statistics from foreign experts, more than 2,000 new products can be developed and modified only in the case of super-hard materials.
2. Acoustic performance: Diamond has the fastest sound transmission speed of 18.2km/s in all materials. This performance not only enables the production of surface acoustic wave devices with a frequency response exceeding 5 GHz (the most high-frequency surface acoustic wave devices are widely used in the field of communication), but also enables ultra-high-fidelity speakers with a frequency response of 60 kHz or more and the highest performance. Excellent acoustic sensor.
3. Thermal properties: The natural diamond has a thermal conductivity of 20W/cm.K, which is the highest of all materials, 4 times larger than SiC, 13 times larger than Si, 43 times larger than GaAs, and 4-5 for Cu and Ag. The thermal conductivity of high-purity CVD diamond film has reached or exceeded the thermal conductivity of natural diamond, and its large-area diaphragm shape makes it an ideal large-area heat-dissipating material for electronic devices (also known as heat sink). High insulation and low thermal expansion coefficient, can be used as the best heat sink for high-power semiconductor devices, microwave devices and large-scale integrated circuits. The large number of applications of CVD diamond film heat sinks will cause a huge revolution in the electronics industry.
4. Optical properties: CVD diamond film has high permeability in a wide wavelength range of X-ray-ultraviolet-visible-infrared light and is resistant to high temperature, corrosion and mechanical strength, so it can be used in harsh environments. Optical window used in etc. Such as various light-guided high-speed interceptor missile hoods and widely used multi-color infrared detector windows, infrared focal plane array thermal imaging device windows, high-power microwave windows, high-power laser windows, etc.; X-ray characteristics can become the future An ideal material for sub-micron photolithography of microelectronic devices. Excellent optical performance and low price make CVD diamond film have broad application prospects in military and civil optics.
5. Electrical and semiconductor performance: Using the excellent electrical properties of CVD diamond film, it can be used in electronic devices working in high temperature, high power, high frequency, strong radiation environment and sensors with various characteristics. Its cold cathode luminescence characteristics have made it possible to obtain low-power, high-definition, ultra-thin, large-screen multi-color displays. Its most promising high-temperature semiconductor devices can reach 600 ° C, and the advent of diamond high-temperature semiconductor devices will be a revolution in electronic technology.
6. Chemical properties: It is resistant to all acids, bases and solvents at room temperature, and is resistant to all acid corrosion even at high temperatures. It can be seen that the diamond is extremely stable and can be used as a corrosion protection layer. In the field of medical devices, because the diamond scalpel is extremely sharp and incompatible with human blood, the surgical effect is good and the patient recovers quickly. The CVD diamond scalpel will replace the metal surgical instruments currently used; the CVD diamond film is composed of pure carbon and resistant. Grinding and corrosion resistance are the best coatings for the surface of metal components implanted in the human body.
The widespread use of CVD diamond films in the fields of mechanics, thermals, optics, acoustics, electronics, and aerospace will have revolutionary effects in these fields. Therefore, CVD diamond film materials are considered by materials scientists to be materials of the 21st century, "the dawn of the diamond film has been exposed."
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