Researchers at the China Metrology Institute have developed a new type of sensor that uses the photoelectric properties of graphene to simultaneously detect a variety of substances, including bacteria and other pathogens. The design is based on two-dimensional graphene sheets, each having only one atomic thickness.
Through theoretical calculations and simulations, the researchers designed a series of nanoscale graphene disks. They introduced a small circular defect in each nanodisk - an eccentric hole. When light strikes the disk array, the interaction between the disk and its holes creates a plasma hybridization effect that increases the sensitivity of the device. Holes and discs produce different wavelength peaks that can be used simultaneously to detect the presence of different substances.
A graphene disk is mounted between the ion gel layer and the silicon layer, and the layer is used to apply a voltage to the sensor to adjust the properties of the graphene to detect various substances.
The researchers' simulations using MIR wavelengths show that their new sensor platform is more sensitive to substances present in gases, liquids, and solids than sensor platforms consisting only of graphene disks, with no round defects.
Researchers are working to improve the process used to fabricate nanoscale disk arrays. The team said that the accuracy of these structures can greatly affect the performance of the sensor.
Researcher Bing-Gang Xiao said: "We also want to explore whether the graphene plasma hybridization effect can be used to assist in the design of dual-band mid-infrared optical communication equipment."
Due to their desirable properties, various research teams have used graphene to create sensors and materials for a variety of applications. However, the China Jiliang team said that few studies have previously proved that sensitive graphene sensors can detect the infrared wavelengths required for bacteria and biomolecules.
In addition to improving food safety, the new sensor design can also be used to detect gases and chemicals in a variety of applications. Its dual-frequency resonance structure features support the development of multi-substance detection.
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